The area around the eyes is an indicator of chronological aging and aging as a result of exposure to the environment.
Changes anatomical character occurring in this region due to aging include weakness of the eyelid skin, hypertrophy of circular muscle of the eye that project, the fat deposits near the eyes, and drooping of the forehead, eyebrows and middle third of the face. Clinical signs of photoaging of the skin - wrinkles, age spots, decrease in elasticity. Weakness of the eyelids is often the cause of senile ectropion and entropıona and can also lead to weakness of the medial and lateral kantalnogo tendons (tendons of the angle of the palpebral fissure).
To pull the skin of the eyelids and rejuvenate the skin around the eyes, there are a number of dermatological procedures such as topıchesk therapy, chemical peels, dermabrasion, botulinum toxin injections, radiofrequency exposure and laser resurfacing. All these procedures have their advantages and disadvantages.
DERMATOLOGICAL PROCEDURES that are used today for skin rejuvenation around the eyes:
topıchesk THERAPY: tretinoin (retinoic acid) - the use of 0.05% and 0.1% tretınoınov cream for 6 months leads to an increase in epidermal thickness and granular layer. The improvement that is observed in the texture of the skin is due to hyaluronic acid synthesis and compaction of the stratum corneum.
The most common problem - dry skin. Sometimes patients report burning sensation and itching, redness immediately after application.
ALPHA-hydroxy-ACID face PEELS are one of the popular ingredients in cosmetic products. They can affect the skin condition at the molecular, cellular and tissue level. The most common AHA's are glycolic, lactic, citric, malic, tartaric. Higher concentrations of these acids are used for chemical peels. The depth of influence of superficial chemical peels - from the stratum corneum and the depth of the epidermis, depending on the concentration of acids. The most popular ingredient superficial chemical peels - glycolic acid in a concentration of 20-70%.
As a rule, peeling is accompanied by burning sensation, redness and light peeling. If glycolic acid is used in higher concentrations, it makes the skin more sensitive to UV light.
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID and the MEDIAN PEELING is almost universal agent for peeling, because different concentrations can achieve the desired depth of peeling. During a medium peel, is the destruction of the epidermis, papıllıar dermis and the upper reticular dermis (if using trichloroacetic acid at a concentration of 30-35%).
The application of trichloroacetic acid is causing frost and erythema. After the procedure, during the first 3-4 days in the region of peel indicated moderate swelling, a scab, which is 3-4 days starts to peel, and 7 day the skin is completely cleared.
DEEP PEEL - deep peels chemical exposure concerns phenol peeling. The depth of impact - the middle mesh layer. Considered one of the most aggressive treatments effects on the skin, helps to remove deep wrinkles and folds, scars and age-related hyperpigmentation.
In deep peeling, which is carried out with partial or complete damage of basal membrane, an increased risk of formation of irreversible defects of the skin such as skin fibrosis, scars, depigmentation. Can also cause General reaction - for example, cardiac arrhythmias due to resorption of phenol.
INJECTIONS of botulinum toxin the use of botulinum toxin in dermatology had previously been limited to grooves, then its use has expanded to procedures in the forehead and wrinkles around the eyes. This procedure before or after laser resurfacing the skin around the eyes enhances the effect of laser exposure and contributes to the maintenance of improved skin condition. The goal of the treatment is weakening of motor activity of the muscles.
Side effects were observed: degradation of pre-existing hernia of the lower eyelid, temporary drooping of the lateral part of the lower eyelid, and excess skin under the lateral part of the lower eyelid.
DERMABRASION is a process of skin rejuvenation in which the skin resurfacing uses a wire brush or a diamond cutter attached to the rotating tool, which allows you to effectively remove the epidermis and upper and middle dermis, including the upper part of the appendages. Re-epithelialization and repigmentation occur from the nearby hair follicles and remained subordinate structures.
The eyelid and area around the eyes is almost impossible to treat with dermabrasion, since for this technique it is best to have a fixed and relatively hard surface skin on which to work. Moreover, this procedure causes bleeding which during this procedure is difficult to obtain a good visualization of the skin.
Radio FREQUENCY non - invasive surgical procedure to correct a weak lower eyelid skin. Creates volumetric heating of the tissue, which leads to instantaneous changes in the dermal collagen tightening the fibrous septae extending from the dermis to the hypodermis and stimulates dermal repair. Generally well-tolerated. Among observed isolated cases - erythema and edema (sometimes longer). Can also be hyperpigmentation, blistering, Hypo-pigmentation and hemorrhage. Occasionally there may be scarring and ulcers.
With the development and clinical application of LASER TECHNOLOGY in dermatological surgery has experienced a real revolution. In the beginning of XXI century has been developed the procedure of laser skin resurfacing with the CO2 laser, which allows for cleaning of the epidermis, and the dermis varies in thickness. In addition to in addition, when the laser resurfacing is also a contraction of collagen due to thermal denaturation of collagen type I. it is believed that due to exposure to the laser dermal damage stimulates neokollagenez.
The combination of vaporızat, contraction of collagen and synthesis of new collagen leads to clinical improvement is observed.
Several years ago, laser technology was submitted to fractional photothermolysis, which gave impetus to new applications of CO2 laser. This is a laser system that produces a series of micro-zones (MAZ) and thermal zones (MTZ) damage without affecting the surrounding tissue. Since these MAZ and MTZ surrounded by undamaged tissue, the distance of migration of keratinocytes less, faster healing, and the risk of side effects is reduced. Most often side effects when fractional processes include moderate erythema, face oedema, dry skin, formation of scales, single superficial skin lesions, itching and hyperpigmentation. There is evidence that the use during the procedure cold air stream reduces the level of discomfort.
AFTER the LASER SESSION, all patients showed a significant improvement in terms of tightening the eyelid skin, skin elasticity, skin texture, disappearance of fine lines and wrinkles around the eyes.
The fractional CO2 laser system provides faster healing, short recovery time (the rehabilitation period) and reduced the risk of side effects, as well as meeting the expectations of patients. This laser corrects skin elasticity is one of the most significant factors in the aging century. However, he cannot reduce or eliminate the hernia of fatty tissue or hypertrophy of the muscles of the eyelids - for correction of these problems requires a surgical blepharoplasty. Nevertheless, fractional laser approach provides excellent results for most patients with weak eyelid skin, which agree only on non-invasive procedures on the eyelids and periorbital region.
Rapid recovery of the tissue of the epidermis occurs by migration of keratinocytes and the replacement of damaged cells to the borders of the different zones. Migration of keratinocytes is due to the presence of the "tank" is partially differentiated cells with high regenerative and high index, which is able to restore lost tissue. Thus the Horny layer of the epidermis acts as a natural bandage that protects the fabric from external factors, while the effects of the procedure continue for more than the deep dermis.
The acute phase occurs in the dermis during the release of large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, moderate compression of the collagen fibers of the dermis. Damaged tissue of the dermis is going in the columns to the residues of organic substances, which pass through the epidermis to the corneal layer, and then exfoliate. After this phase, the proliferative phase begins with the involvement of fibroblasts and the synthesis of new collagen fibers of type III and dermal matrix. The last phase is characterized by the restoration of collagen, when more delicate collagen fibers type III collagen fibers are replaced by type I.
A quick healing process will allow patients to lead a normal lifestyle in the first week after the last session, as pronounced adverse effects are not observed and there is no need to hide them or wait for their disappearance.
Procedure using fractional CO2 laser can be considered as an innovative technique for the lifting of the eyelid skin, reduction of fine lines and wrinkles around the eyes and lifting the brow provides a more youthful appearance. The procedure is safe, without serious side effects, with a small rehabilitation period and a high level of satisfaction. The forecasting results and time of rehabilitation related to procedures for rejuvenation of the skin remains largely unknown due to the large number of variables involved. A significant advantage is the control of erythema, possible through the use of the overlay function pulses. These aspects are vital for reducing the period of "social isolation" as a result of the procedure.
Laser effect not only contributes to the maintenance of improved skin condition around the eyes, but with the help of laser technology, perhaps.